LEMME START WITH THE FAMOUS DIALOUGE FROM THE FILM
"DEVDAAS"
"Kon Kmbkth bardasht krne k liye peeta 🍺hai "
I think now u can guess what im talking about
yeah yeah ....
its
ALCOHOL:-
INTRODUCTION:-
IT IS A HYDROCYLATED HYDROCARBON
IT IS A HYDROCYLATED HYDROCARBON
Absorbtion:-
Alcohol is absorbed 20% through the empty stomach & 80% through the small intestine to the blood.
Liver where it’s metabolized by a specific enzyme at a constant rate.
It interferes with the normal brain functions such as judgment an coordination of muscle movements by acting of cerebellum & frontal lobe of brain.
1. Absorption is slower in the stomach than intestine.
2. Absorption is faster in empty stomach than when it contains food.
3. Food affects the absorption by delaying the emptying time of the stomach:
(i) Fatty foods, proteins and starch delay the absorption
(ii ) Milk has similar effect i.e., it delays absorption
(iii) Food prevents 10-20% of the ingested alcohol from being absorbed.
4. Diluted form of alcohol is absorbed slowly than the concentrated form
5. The type of beverage also affects the rate of absorption
.6. The absorption of alcohol depends on habituation and tolerance of the individual.
7. Emotional state of the person affects the contraction of the stomach resulting in rapid emptying time and the rate of absorption.
8. Drugs like Benzedrine and atropine slows the absorption and retards the emptying time.
9. The age of the person also has an effect on the absorption as it occurs less rapidly in younger (<35years) individuals.
10. Inhalation: Concentration in the blood is proportional to the concentration in the inspired air.
11. Weight of the subject: The same amount when taken by subjects of different weight has different blood levels depending upon the amount of bone, fat and muscles
In hot climates, significant amount is lost through the sweat
Alcohol is absorbed 20% through the empty stomach & 80% through the small intestine to the blood.
Liver where it’s metabolized by a specific enzyme at a constant rate.
It interferes with the normal brain functions such as judgment an coordination of muscle movements by acting of cerebellum & frontal lobe of brain.
1. Absorption is slower in the stomach than intestine.
2. Absorption is faster in empty stomach than when it contains food.
3. Food affects the absorption by delaying the emptying time of the stomach:
(i) Fatty foods, proteins and starch delay the absorption
(ii ) Milk has similar effect i.e., it delays absorption
(iii) Food prevents 10-20% of the ingested alcohol from being absorbed.
4. Diluted form of alcohol is absorbed slowly than the concentrated form
5. The type of beverage also affects the rate of absorption
.6. The absorption of alcohol depends on habituation and tolerance of the individual.
7. Emotional state of the person affects the contraction of the stomach resulting in rapid emptying time and the rate of absorption.
8. Drugs like Benzedrine and atropine slows the absorption and retards the emptying time.
9. The age of the person also has an effect on the absorption as it occurs less rapidly in younger (<35years) individuals.
10. Inhalation: Concentration in the blood is proportional to the concentration in the inspired air.
11. Weight of the subject: The same amount when taken by subjects of different weight has different blood levels depending upon the amount of bone, fat and muscles
- Excretion of the Alcohol:-
- Excreted 5% in urine,
In hot climates, significant amount is lost through the sweat
METABOLISM:-
??About 90% of the alcohol absorbed & oxidized in liver and rest 10% excreted.
??Alcohol from blood disappear at a rate of
10-15 ml/hour (15 mg % / hour) .
v Due to an increase in liver enzymes, chronic alcoholic can metabolize alcohol faster at the rate of 40-50 mg%/hour.
vMetabolized alcohol 10% get deposited in the tissues in the form of cholesterol and fats.
ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES:-
Any fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent.y fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent. fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent.
??About 90% of the alcohol absorbed & oxidized in liver and rest 10% excreted.
??Alcohol from blood disappear at a rate of
10-15 ml/hour (15 mg % / hour) .
v Due to an increase in liver enzymes, chronic alcoholic can metabolize alcohol faster at the rate of 40-50 mg%/hour.
vMetabolized alcohol 10% get deposited in the tissues in the form of cholesterol and fats.
ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES:-
Any fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent.y fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent. fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent.
ALCOHOLIC %IN DIFFERENT BEVERAGES
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General measuring terms used
One unit of alcohol is the amount of alcohol metabolized by the liver in one hour.
One pint of beer is one unit of alcohol.
One glass of wine or sherry or single whisky each provides 8 grams of pure alcohol,which is one unit.
ALCOHOL POISONING:-Ethyl alcohol depresses the central nervous system irregularly in descending order from cortex to medulla.
—ACUTE POISONING OR ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION
—It results from consumption of alcohol either in small does at shorter intervals or in one big dose.
MC EVANS SIGNS
—Pinching the skin of the neck or face
—The constricted pupil will get dilated.
- Rum 50-60
- Whisky / Gin / Brandy 40-45%
- Sherry & Port Wine 15-20%
- Wine 10-15
- Beer 04-08%
- Liquor 35-60
- Alcohol Varies
One unit of alcohol is the amount of alcohol metabolized by the liver in one hour.
One pint of beer is one unit of alcohol.
One glass of wine or sherry or single whisky each provides 8 grams of pure alcohol,which is one unit.
ALCOHOL POISONING:-Ethyl alcohol depresses the central nervous system irregularly in descending order from cortex to medulla.
—ACUTE POISONING OR ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION
—It results from consumption of alcohol either in small does at shorter intervals or in one big dose.
MC EVANS SIGNS
—Pinching the skin of the neck or face
—The constricted pupil will get dilated.
SYMPTOMS:
—The symptoms are entirely due to its narcotic action on central nervous system-
—It produces 3 stages viz. (from medicolegal angle)
1) Excitement (0.05-0.01%)
2) Incoordination (0.2-0.5%)
3) Narcosis (0.5% & Above)
SOBER STAGE:-
??Person looks absolutely normal
—Blood concentration:
—10-50 mg %
—The symptoms are entirely due to its narcotic action on central nervous system-
—It produces 3 stages viz. (from medicolegal angle)
1) Excitement (0.05-0.01%)
2) Incoordination (0.2-0.5%)
3) Narcosis (0.5% & Above)
SOBER STAGE:-
??Person looks absolutely normal
—Blood concentration:
—10-50 mg %
STAGE OF EUPHORIA:-
??Person is delighted
A feeling well being
—Increased self confidence
—Blood con: 50-100 mg %
??Person is delighted
A feeling well being
—Increased self confidence
—Blood con: 50-100 mg %
STAGE OF EXCITEMENT:-
??Person is delighted
??A feeling well being
??Increased self confidence
??Blood con: 50-100 mg %
??Person is delighted
??A feeling well being
??Increased self confidence
??Blood con: 50-100 mg %
STAGE OF CONFUSION:-
- Blood Con. 150-200 mg %
- —Mental confusion
- —Disorientation
- —Vertigo
- —Visual disturbances
- —Increased muscular incoordiantion
- —Staggering gait
- —Slurred speech
STAGE OF STUPOR
??Blood Con. 150-200 mg
%
??Mental confusion
??Disorientation
??Vertigo
??Visual disturbances
??Increased muscular incoordiantion
??Staggering gait
??Slurred speech
STAGE OF COMA:-
—Dead drunk
—Blood con: 300-500 mg
%
—Deeply unconscious
—Hypothermia
Difficulty in
breathing
DEATH
—Blood Con: > 500
mg%
—Respiratory Failure
—Respiratory Failure
- Hangover- as death is rare in alcohol poisoning, person recovers after prolonged sleep but may suffer from headache, irritability, nausea and abdominal discomfort.Most of the hangover symptoms are due to congeners and hypoglycemia induced by alcohol.
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